GEAPSI department

Director : Judith Burstin Director of research INRAE Phone number : 03 80 69 21 59 judith.burstin@inrae.fr

TheGEAPSIdepartment studies the genetic and environmental determinants of plant adaptation to innovative culture systems using multidisciplinary approaches (genetics, ecophysiology, molecular physiology). The objective is to characterize the adaptation of plant species in agrosystems to environmental constraints by fosusing on some legume and weed species.

Missions

The main research topics are:

    The optimization of the uptake of soil resources (N, S) by legumes in interaction with the biotic partners (weeds and soil microorganisms);

    The understanding of legume functioning to improve and/or stabilize yield components during abiotic stresses, particularly heat- and water-stress;

    The study of the genetic bases and processes that enable plants to adapt to agrosystem habitats (e.g. weed adaptation to cultural practices and herbicides).

    The characterization and integration at different levels of functional traits and of life history traits of wild and cultivated species.

Strategy

The finalized objectives are to identify/design/select plant ideotypes and biological regulations which may constitute levers for the conception of culture systems using less fertilizers. The scientific objectives are to acquire knowledge on the genetic and physiological mechanisms at the basis of the adaptation of cultivated and weed species to agro-ecosystems.

To answer these questions, the GEAPSI department is organized into 3 groups:

• Pulse target species (Resps. J. Burstin)
• Ecophysiology of legumes (Resp. M. PRUDENT)
• Molecular Mechanisms (Resps. R. Thompson, K. Gallardo)

Principal results

• Construction of genetic resources: RILs in pea and TILLING in pea andM. truncatula.
• Pea genomics, and translational genomics withM. truncatula.
• Weed transcriptome: databases for two graminea (black-grass, ryegrass)
• Ecophysiological modeling of legume functioning.
• Identification of genetic determinants of nitrogen acquisition.
• Identification of genetic and molecular determinants of yield and seed quality.
• Identification of genetic determinants of weed resistance to herbicides (black-grass, ryegrass, corn poppy)
• Faba bean varietal innovation: Medina variety low in vicine, convicine and tannins.
• Identification of resistance mechanisms to ACCase-inhibiting herbicides.
• Identification and modeling of local adaptation for polygenic traits.

Main publications (ACL)

Bordat A, Savois V, Nicolas M, Salse J, Chauveau A, Bourgeois M, Potier J, Houtin H, Rond C, Murat F, Marget P, Aubert G, Burstin J (2011) Translational Genomics in Legumes Allowed Placing In Silico 5460 Unigenes on the Pea Functional Map and Identified Candidate Genes inPisum sativumL. G3. 1: 93-103.

Bourgeois M, Jacquin F, Cassecuelle F, Savois V, Belghazi M, Aubert G, Quillien L, Huart M, Marget P, Burstin J (2011) A PQL (protein quantity loci) analysis of mature pea seed proteins identifies loci determining seed protein composition. Proteomics. 11: 1581-94.

Bourion V, Rizvi SM, Fournier S, de Larambergue H, Galmiche F, Marget P, Duc G, Burstin J (2010) Genetic dissection of nitrogen nutrition in pea through a QTL approach of root, nodule, and shoot variability. Theor Appl Genet. 121: 71-86.

Délye C, Michel S, Bérard A, Chauvel B, Brunel D, Guillemin JP, Dessaint F, Le Corre V (2010) Geographical variation in resistance to acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase-inhibiting herbicides across the range of the arable weedAlopecurus myosuroides(black-grass). New Phytol. 186: 1005-17.

D'Erfurth I, Le Signor C, Aubert G, Sanchez M, Vernoud V, Darchy B, Lherminier J, Bourion V, Bouteiller N, Bendahmane A, Buitink J, Prosperi JM, Thompson R, Burstin J, Gallardo K (2012) A role for an endosperm-localized subtilase in the control of seed size in legumes. New Phytol. 196 (in press).

Jeudy C, Ruffel S, Freixes S, Tillard P, Santoni AL, Morel S, Journet EP, Duc G, Gojon A, Lepetit M and Salon C (2010) Adaptation ofMedicago truncatulato nitrogen limitation is modulated via local and systemic nodule developmental responses. New Phytol. 185: 817-828.

Le Corre V., Kremer A (2012). The genetic differentiation at quantitative trait loci under local adaptation. Mol. Ecol. 21: 1548-1566.

Le Signor C, Savois V, Aubert G, Verdier J, Nicolas M, Pagny G, Moussy F, Sanchez M, Baker D, Clarke J, Thompson R ( 2009) Optimizing TILLING populations for reverse genetics inMedicago truncatula. Plant Biotechnol J. 7: 430-41.

Voisin A.S., Munier-Jolain N.G., Salon C. (2010). The nodulation process is tightly adjusted to plant growth. An analysis using environmentally and genetically induced variation of nodule number and biomass in pea. Plant and Soil 337, 399-412.

Zancarini A., Mougel C., Voisin A.S., Prudent M., Salon C., Munier-Jolain, N. (2012). Soil Nitrogen Availability Modifies the Nutrition Strategies of the Interaction betweenMedicago truncatulaand the Rhizosphere Bacterial Communities. PLoS ONE (in press).

Personnel GEAPSI ...